The correct answer is (B).
(B) Assumption (Necessary)
Step 1: Identify the Question Type
The correct answer will be an "assumption required" by the argument, making this a Necessary Assumption question.
Step 2: Untangle the Stimulus
The phrase "[t]hey are mistaken" indicates the biologist's conclusion, a rejection of the computer scientists' view. They claim a computer program encapsulating the information in a human genome is all you need to create artificial intelligence. The biologist rejects this claim, thus concluding that human genome information is not enough. The evidence is that the brains are controlled by the "interactions of proteins" within the genome.
Step 3: Make a Prediction
The biologist is implying that the interactions of proteins are what really govern the human brain (and would thus lead to intelligence). If the biologist claims that encapsulating the information in a genome is not enough, the biologist must be assuming that the genome does not provide information on the interactions of proteins.
Step 4: Evaluate the Answer Choices
(B) is correct, making the necessary connection between genome information and the inability to get protein interaction.
(A) is a Distortion. It is not necessary that computers are incapable of simulating the protein interactions. It's merely necessary that encapsulating genome information is not enough to provide those interactions. Even if those interactions could be simulated by a computer, the biologist could still argue that genome information would not be enough to create those simulations. More would be needed.
(C) is Extreme. Modeling the human brain does not have to be the only way. Even if there were other ways, the biologist could still claim that encapsulating genome information would not be enough.
(D) is not necessary. It doesn't have to be difficult to get that information. Even if it were really easy for a computer, the biologist could still have a point that such information would not be enough.
(E) is an Irrelevant Comparison. It doesn't matter which program would be harder to write. The question is whether encapsulating genome information would be enough by itself for making artificial intelligence, regardless of the difficulty of programming protein interactions.
